Normally, these kinds of massive price spikes get triggered by newly discovered mechanical interactions after the launch of a new set
Cardboard Gold Card Sleeves are an acid free, archival quality product made of crystal clear polypropylene
For example, here are some of the earliest: Auriok Steelshaper was a generic 1/1 for 2 mana on its own, and if it was equipped, only Soldiers and Knights would get a bonus, and it was just +1/+1
The Pokemons black coloring makes it instantly recognizable, so its no wonder you can find it selling for nearly $5000 for graded copies
Some Spright Variant runs Kaiju-like cards as well in preparation to mirror matches
Katara, Waterbending Master - $18 to $35 There's some big price spikes in the eternal-legal set, which is pretty common for Jumpstart, as the desirable cards end up being pretty scarce